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Felix Otto Dessoff (14 January 183528 October 1892) was a German conductor and composer. ==Biography== Dessoff was born to a Jewish family in Leipzig; his father was a cloth merchant. His musical talent was recognized by Franz Liszt, who then advised his family on his musical training.〔Rika Wettstein, “Otto Dessoff in Baden-Baden,” URL=http://www.bad-bad.de/gesch/dessoff.htm〕 As a student at the Leipzig Conservatory from 1851–54, Dessoff studied composition, piano and conducting with some of the foremost teachers of the day, including Ignaz Moscheles for piano and Moritz Hauptmann and Julius Rietz for composition. On November 16, 1853, a symphony of his was performed by the Leipzig Gewandhaus Orchestra; the following day he met Johannes Brahms, with whom he formed a lasting friendship and artistic relationship.〔Rika Wettstein, “Otto Dessoff in Baden-Baden,” URL=http://www.bad-bad.de/gesch/dessoff.htm〕 It was as a conductor that he primarily established his reputation. His first conducting post was at Actien Theater in Chemnitz. After that, he was successively director of music in Altenburg, Düsseldorf, Kassel, Aachen and Magdeburg. In 1860 he was offered a position with the Vienna Court Opera. In 1860, the Vienna Philharmonic elected Otto Dessoff to be its subscription conductor, a position he held until 1875. The Vienna-based music critic, newspaper editor, and biographer Max Kalbeck wrote in 1908 that the fame and excellence of the Vienna Philharmonic resulted from Dessoff's "energy and sense of purpose." 〔Max Kalbeck, ''Johannes Brahms,'' vol. 2 Berlin, 1908, p.21 URL=http://books.google.com/books?id=qOwPAAAAYAAJ&source=gbs_book_other_versions ; translation from Styra Avins and Josef Eisinger, ''Johannes Brahms: Life and Letters'', Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 778, ISBN=0-19-816234-0〕 Dr. Clemens Hellsberg, the president of the Vienna Philharmonic, specifies that during Dessoff's tenure with that orchestra its "repertoire was consistently enlarged, important organizational principles (music archives, rules of procedure) were introduced and the orchestra moved to its third new home (which it still performs ). At the beginning of the 1870/71 season it began playing in the newly built Goldener Saal in the Musikverein building in Vienna, which has proved to be the ideal venue, with its acoustical characteristics influencing the orchestra's style and sound."〔Clemens Hellsberg, "Otto Dessoff," in "The History of the Vienna Philharmonic," Vienna Philharmonic Website, |URL=http://www.wienerphilharmoniker.at/orchestra/history〕 In Vienna, beginning in 1861 Dessoff also taught composition at the Gesellschaft der Musikfreunde (the forerunner of the Vienna Conservatory).〔Bozarth, George S. (1990). . Oxford University Press. page 314. ISBN 0-19-311922-6.〕 His students included Artur Nikisch and Felix Mottl. Although he composed into the early 1860s, he gave up composing when his career as a conductor blossomed. During Dessoff's tenure with the Vienna Philharmonic, "Brahms was invited to dinner in his home after every Sunday concert - Frau Frederike (wife ) was a good cook.".〔Styra Avins and Josef Eisinger, Johannes Brahms: Life and Letters, Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 778, ISBN=0-19-816234-0〕 In 1875, Dessoff was "pushed out of his position in Vienna through intrigue" according to Styra Avins,〔Styra Avins and Josef Eisinger, Johannes Brahms: Life and Letters, Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 497, ISBN=0-19-816234-0〕 but immediately found a new position as conductor (Hofkapellmeister) of the Badische Staatskapelle in Karlsruhe, Germany, succeeding Hermann Levi.〔Joachim Draheim, Gerhard Albert Jahn (Editors.): Otto Dessoff (1835 - 1892). Ein Dirigent, Komponist und Weggefährte von Johannes Brahms; anlässlich der Otto-Dessoff-Ausstellung in Karlsruhe, Wien, Baden-Baden, Chemnitz, Dresden, Frankfurt am Main, Kassel, Leipzig und Zwickau. hrsg. von Joachim Draheim, Gerhard Albert Jahn und dem Verein der Freunde der Wiener Philharmoniker. - München: Musikverlag Katzbichler, 2001, 196 S., ISBN 3-87397-590-4〕 In October, 1876 (circa the 11th), Brahms wrote to Dessoff hinting that he would like him conduct the first performance of his long-awaited Symphony no. 1, saying "It was always a secret, fond wish of mine to hear the thing for the first time in the small town which has a good friend, good conductor, and good orchestra".〔Styra Avins and Josef Eisinger, Johannes Brahms: Life and Letters, Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 497, ISBN=0-19-816234-0〕 Dessoff was, according to Styra Avins, "overjoyed at Brahms's veiled request," and on November 4, 1876 the premiere took place with Brahms in attendance at the rehearsals and concert.〔Styra Avins and Josef Eisinger, Johannes Brahms: Life and Letters, Oxford University Press, 1997, p. 498, ISBN=0-19-816234-0〕 In 1880 Dessoff was appointed to the newly created position of "First Kapellmeister" (Ersten Kapellmeisters) at the Frankfurt Opera; he inaugurated the newly completed opera house (now known as the Alte Oper ) on 20 October 1880 with a performance of Mozart's Don Giovanni.〔. Albert Richard Mohr, Das Frankfurter Opernhaus 1880–1980. Frankfurt am Main, Verlag Waldemar Kramer, 1980, ISBN 3-7829-0232-7.〕 Dessoff's close friendship with Brahms can be seen in an exchange of letters between the two in 1878 when Dessoff wished to dedicate what is probably his best known work, his String Quartet in F, Op. 7. Though it met with success in its premiere, Dessoff was still not sure it was worth publishing and sent the score to Brahms asking for his candid opinion and offering to dedicate to him. Brahms wrote back praising the work and said, ''"...you would do me a great honor by writing my name over the quartet title—if need be then, we'll take the blows together should the public find it not to their liking."'' Much gratified, Dessoff wrote back in a free and bantering way of the sort Brahms himself often penned, ''"...you will be relieved to see your name on the title page of the quartet preserved for posterity. When people have forgotten your German Requiem, people will then say, 'Brahms? Oh yes, he's the one to whom Dessoff's Op. 7 is dedicated!'"'' Dessoff also composed a string quintet for 2 violins, viola and 2 cellos, Op. 10, several Lieder (songs) and a choral book. He died in Frankfurt in 1892. His daughter, Margarete Dessoff, founded the Dessoff Choirs when she stayed on in New York City during a family visit there.〔(【引用サイトリンク】 title=History of the Dessoff Choirs )〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Felix Otto Dessoff」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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